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Understanding the Complex Civil War in Syria


Rebel forces opposing Syrian President Bashar al-Assad have launched a surprise offensive in the country, capturing almost all of Aleppo in a quick advance. Assad has vowed to defend the country’s stability and territorial integrity. The civil war in Syria started in 2011 after Assad cracked down on pro-democracy protests, resulting in half a million deaths and millions of refugees.

The latest fighting comes after a cease-fire brokered by Turkey and Russia in 2020. The new rebel offensive is seen as a response to increased attacks by Assad’s forces. The conflict is influenced by events outside Syria, including Hezbollah’s conflict with Israel and Russia’s war in Ukraine. Turkey and its allies are taking advantage of this situation.

The rebel offensive is led by a Sunni militant group called Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), which aims to topple Assad, expel Iran, and promote its ideology. Assad is supported by Russia and Iran, who have helped him maintain control over 70% of Syrian territory. The outcome of the conflict will depend on the level of intervention from these external powers.

Despite efforts to find a solution to the civil war, the rapid gains by the rebels and conflicting interests of external powers make Syria’s future uncertain. The ongoing fighting raises concerns about a new violent front in the Middle East. Assad’s ability to survive and prosper hinges on the support from Russia, Iran, and Hezbollah.

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www.usatoday.com

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